OSPF ASBR Summary-LSA (LSA-Type4)

OSPFv2 ASBR Summary-LSA (LSA Type4)を解説します。
ASBRルータになると該当ルータはRouter-LSA(LSA Type1)に"E"bitが付与されます。ABRはRouter-LSA"E"bitのLSAを受け取ると、他エリア向けに対して生成するLSAがASBR Summary-LSA(LSA Type 4)になります。
外部経路をルーティングテーブルに登録する際に、External-LSA(LSA Type 5)とASBR Summary-LSA(LSA Type4)を利用して計算します。

OSPFv2 ASBR Summary-LSA(LSA Type4)のフォーマット

下記は、ASBR Summary-LSA (LSA Type4)のフォーマットになります。
先頭はLSA共通のヘッダーがあり、以降 ASBR Summary-LSAになります。
※Type 3,4 とは同じフォーマットなっている。

 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  --------
|            LS age             |     Options   |  LS  Type =4  |      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+      |
|                        Link State ID                          |      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+      |
|                     Advertising Router                        |  LSA Header
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+      |
|                     LS sequence number                        |      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+      |
|         LS checksum           |             length            |      |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  --------
|                  Network Mask   0x00000000                    |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|      0        |                  metric                       |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     TOS       |                TOS  metric                    |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                              ...                              |

0 1 2 3

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ --------

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |

| Link State ID | |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |

| Advertising Router | LSA Header

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |

| LS sequence number | |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |

| LS checksum | length | |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ --------

| Network Mask 0x00000000 |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

| 0 | metric |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

| TOS | TOS metric |

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

| ... |

LSAヘッダーはLSA共通情報になりますので、本ページに記載がない項目は下記ページに記載されています。

OSPFのLSAヘッダー

: OSPF LSAの概要 LSAヘッダー
OSPFはそれぞれのルータが生成したリンクステート広告（LSA）交換することで、トポロジを把握してSFPにてルーティングテーブルを生成します。LSAにはルータのリンク情報などトポロジー把握に必要な情報 ...

LS Type = 4

ASBR Summary-LSA は LS Type が 4 となります。

Link State ID

ASBRルータのルータIDが格納されます。

Advertising Router

LSAを生成したABRのルータIDが格納されます。

Network Mask

Summary-LSA(LSA Type3)と互換性を保つためにNetwork Maskフィールがあるが、利用されないため 0x00000000 で埋められている。

metric

生成したAdvertising RouterかASBRルータまでのコストが格納されます。エリア内にLSA伝搬中は、値は変化しません。

TOS / TOS metric

OSPFの規格が検討された際にIPのTOSフィールド毎に異なるリンクのコストを替える技術がRFC 2328で定義されています。TOS毎にコストを定義できるように「TOS」「TOS metric」のフィールドが定義されています。TOS 0以外の時に利用するフィールドですが、この技術を実装しているルータは見たことがありません。

ASBR Summary-LSA の生成例

R1が非OSPFネットワークルータであるBGPとeBGPで接続しています。BGPルータから9.9.9.9/32が広告されています。
R1はASBRとしてBGP経路(9.9.9.9/32)をOSPFネットワークに外部経路を広報します。
R3は Area 0 と Area 1 が接続されているABRとなります。
R3は ASBRであるR1が生成された"E"bitが付与されたRouter-LSAをASBR Summary-LSA(Type4)を生成しています。
LSAを全部記述することは難しかったため、必要最低限のRoute-LSA、ASBR Summary-LSA、External-LSAを記述した図となっています。（実際には各ルータではRouter-LSA、ABRではSummary-LSAが生成されています）

R1 ( Router-ID 1.1.1.1)

R1ではASBRの設定のため、BGPからOSPFへの再配送としてrouter ospf内に「redistribute bgp 64513 metric-type 1」の設定を入れています。

router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 redistribute bgp 64513 metric-type 1
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!

router ospf 1

router-id 1.1.1.1

redistribute bgp 64513 metric-type 1

network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1

network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

BGPテーブルに9.9.9.9/32がAS 64512から経路を受け取っています。ルーティングテーブルには 9.9.9.9/32 はBGPから経路が有効となっています。この経路はospf 1 metric-type 1と再再配送されていることが確認できます。

R1#show ip bgp 9.9.9.9
BGP routing table entry for 9.9.9.9/32, version 2
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table default)
  Not advertised to any peer
  Refresh Epoch 1
  64512
    10.1.9.9 from 10.1.9.9 (9.9.9.9)
      Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, best
      rx pathid: 0, tx pathid: 0x0
      Updated on Apr 22 2023 13:29:10 UTC
R1#show ip route 9.9.9.9
Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32
  Known via "bgp 64513", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 64512, type external
  Redistributing via ospf 1
  Advertised by ospf 1 metric-type 1 subnets
  Last update from 10.1.9.9 14:06:56 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.1.9.9, from 10.1.9.9, 14:06:56 ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F46CCB71FF8
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 64512
      MPLS label: none
R1#

R1#show ip bgp 9.9.9.9

BGP routing table entry for 9.9.9.9/32, version 2

Paths: (1 available, best #1, table default)

Not advertised to any peer

Refresh Epoch 1

64512

10.1.9.9 from 10.1.9.9 (9.9.9.9)

Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, best

rx pathid: 0, tx pathid: 0x0

Updated on Apr 22 2023 13:29:10 UTC

R1#show ip route 9.9.9.9

Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32

Known via "bgp 64513", distance 20, metric 0

Tag 64512, type external

Redistributing via ospf 1

Advertised by ospf 1 metric-type 1 subnets

Last update from 10.1.9.9 14:06:56 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.1.9.9, from 10.1.9.9, 14:06:56 ago

opaque_ptr 0x7F46CCB71FF8

Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

AS Hops 1

Route tag 64512

MPLS label: none

R1#

router ospf 内に redistribute を設定すると ASBR ルータと変化するため、R1のRouter-LSAには "E"bitが付与されます。

show ip ospf database router の結果は AS Boundary Router が表示されます。

R1#show ip ospf database router self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

                Router Link States (Area 1)

  LS age: 198
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1
  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 80000023
  Checksum: 0x25D2
  Length: 60
  AS Boundary Router
  Number of Links: 3

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 1.1.1.1
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.1
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100


R1#

R1#show ip ospf database router self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

Router Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 198

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1

Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

LS Seq Number: 80000023

Checksum: 0x25D2

Length: 60

AS Boundary Router

Number of Links: 3

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 1.1.1.1

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.1

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

R1#

BGP(9.9.9.9/32)からをOSPF内の外部経路としてExternal-LSA(Type5)が生成されます。 External-LSA(Type5)の解説は別記事

R1#show ip ospf database external

            OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

                Type-5 AS External Link States

  LS age: 1649
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: AS External Link
  Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )
  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 80000019
  Checksum: 0x8472
  Length: 36
  Network Mask: /32
        Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)
        MTID: 0
        Metric: 1
        Forward Address: 0.0.0.0
        External Route Tag: 64512

R1#

R1#show ip ospf database external

OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

Type-5 AS External Link States

LS age: 1649

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: AS External Link

Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )

Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

LS Seq Number: 80000019

Checksum: 0x8472

Length: 36

Network Mask: /32

Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)

MTID: 0

Metric: 1

Forward Address: 0.0.0.0

External Route Tag: 64512

R1#

R3 ( Router-ID 3.3.3.3 )

R3ではArea1 , Area 0のABRになります。Area 1ではR1はASBRのためRouter-LSAに"E"bitがされています。ABRのR3はR1のRouter-LSAを元にArea0にASBR-Summary(Type4) LSAを生成します。
生成された ASBR-Summary LSA は
Link State ID は R1のRouter-ID
Metric はR1～R3間のコスト 300 = 100(R1～R2間のコスト) + 200(R2～R3間のコスト)

R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 1580
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 8000001D
  Checksum: 0x7D65
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /0
        MTID: 0         Metric: 300

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 1580

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 8000001D

Checksum: 0x7D65

Length: 28

Network Mask: /0

MTID: 0 Metric: 300

R3#

R4 ( Router-ID 4.4.4.4 )

R4ではArea 0 , Area 2 のABRになります。ASBR-Summary LSA (Type4) はエリア内しか伝搬しません。ABRは別エリアに情報を伝達させるために、別エリアに対してASBR-Summary-LSA(Type4)を生成します。
今回はR3が生成した ASBR-Summary-LSA (Type4) area 0 内のルータに伝搬されます。Area 0 と Area 2 の ABRルータである R4はこのLSAを元にArea2にASBR-Summary-LSA(Type4)を生成します。
生成された ASBR-Summary LSA は
Link State ID は元のR3 ASBR-Summary-LSAのLink State ID
Metric は700 = 300(元のASBR-Summary-LSAのMetric) +400(R4～R3間のコスト)

R4#show ip ospf database asbr-summary self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (4.4.4.4) (Process ID 1)

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 2)

  LS age: 1507
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)
  Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4
  LS Seq Number: 8000001D
  Checksum: 0xE3F
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /0
        MTID: 0         Metric: 700

R4#

R4#show ip ospf database asbr-summary self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (4.4.4.4) (Process ID 1)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 2)

LS age: 1507

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)

Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4

LS Seq Number: 8000001D

Checksum: 0xE3F

Length: 28

Network Mask: /0

MTID: 0 Metric: 700

R4#

R5 ( Router-ID 5.5.5.5 )

External-LSA + ASBR-Summary-LSA（Areaがまたがる場合）を元にコストを決定します。
外部経路のコスト決定方法の詳細は External-LSA(Type5) にて記載しています。
今回の
External-LSA
・Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1(R1 生成元ASBRのRouter-ID)
・Link State ID:9.9.9.9 (外部経路のprefix )
・Network Mask: /32 (外部経路のNetwork Mask)
・Metric-Type Type1 ( ASBRまでのコストを加算する方式 )
・Metric 1
・Forward Address: 0.0.0.0 ( Advertising Router が送信元としてコスト、転送先を決定 )
ASBR-Summary-LSA
・Links State ID:1.1.1.1(R1 ASBRのRouter-ID)
・Adversiting Router :4.4.4.4(R4 ABRのRouter-ID)
・Metric :700 (R4～ASBRのMetric)
上記LSAの情報から
R5は 9.9.9.9/32
・O E1 (OSPFの外部経路 Metric-Type1)
・NexthopをR4(ABR)
・Metric 1701 = 1000 (R5～R4間Cost) + 700 (ASBR-Summary-LSA Metric) + 1 ( External-LSA Metric )
としてルーティングテーブルに登録されています。

R5#show ip ospf database external

            OSPF Router with ID (5.5.5.5) (Process ID 1)

                Type-5 AS External Link States

  LS age: 875
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: AS External Link
  Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )
  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 8000001E
  Checksum: 0x7A77
  Length: 36
  Network Mask: /32
        Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)
        MTID: 0
        Metric: 1
        Forward Address: 0.0.0.0
        External Route Tag: 64512

R5#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

            OSPF Router with ID (5.5.5.5) (Process ID 1)

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 2)

  LS age: 259
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)
  Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4
  LS Seq Number: 8000001E
  Checksum: 0xC40
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /0
        MTID: 0         Metric: 700

R5#show ip route 9.9.9.9
Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 1701
  Tag 64512, type extern 1
  Last update from 10.4.5.4 on GigabitEthernet1, 16:19:02 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.4.5.4, from 1.1.1.1, 16:19:02 ago, via GigabitEthernet1
      Route metric is 1701, traffic share count is 1
      Route tag 64512
R5#
R5#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, m - OMP
       n - NAT, Ni - NAT inside, No - NAT outside, Nd - NAT DIA
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       H - NHRP, G - NHRP registered, g - NHRP registration summary
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
       & - replicated local route overrides by connected

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA     1.1.1.1 [110/1701] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:04, GigabitEthernet1
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA     2.2.2.2 [110/1601] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA     3.3.3.3 [110/1401] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA     4.4.4.4 [110/1001] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0
      9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E1     9.9.9.9 [110/1701] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:04, GigabitEthernet1
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
O IA     10.1.2.0/24 [110/1700] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
O IA     10.2.3.0/24 [110/1600] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
O IA     10.3.4.0/24 [110/1400] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1
C        10.4.5.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1
L        10.4.5.5/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1
R5#

R5#show ip ospf database external

OSPF Router with ID (5.5.5.5) (Process ID 1)

Type-5 AS External Link States

LS age: 875

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: AS External Link

Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )

Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

LS Seq Number: 8000001E

Checksum: 0x7A77

Length: 36

Network Mask: /32

Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)

MTID: 0

Metric: 1

Forward Address: 0.0.0.0

External Route Tag: 64512

R5#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

OSPF Router with ID (5.5.5.5) (Process ID 1)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 2)

LS age: 259

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)

Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4

LS Seq Number: 8000001E

Checksum: 0xC40

Length: 28

Network Mask: /0

MTID: 0 Metric: 700

R5#show ip route 9.9.9.9

Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 1701

Tag 64512, type extern 1

Last update from 10.4.5.4 on GigabitEthernet1, 16:19:02 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.4.5.4, from 1.1.1.1, 16:19:02 ago, via GigabitEthernet1

Route metric is 1701, traffic share count is 1

Route tag 64512

R5#

R5#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, m - OMP

n - NAT, Ni - NAT inside, No - NAT outside, Nd - NAT DIA

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

H - NHRP, G - NHRP registered, g - NHRP registration summary

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, l - LISP

a - application route

+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

& - replicated local route overrides by connected

Gateway of last resort is not set

1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA 1.1.1.1 [110/1701] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:04, GigabitEthernet1

2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/1601] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/1401] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA 4.4.4.4 [110/1001] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0

9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E1 9.9.9.9 [110/1701] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:04, GigabitEthernet1

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks

O IA 10.1.2.0/24 [110/1700] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

O IA 10.2.3.0/24 [110/1600] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

O IA 10.3.4.0/24 [110/1400] via 10.4.5.4, 16:33:07, GigabitEthernet1

C 10.4.5.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1

L 10.4.5.5/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1

R5#

R5からBGPのloopbackへのping

R5#ping 9.9.9.9 source 5.5.5.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 9.9.9.9, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 3/3/4 ms
R5#

R5#ping 9.9.9.9 source 5.5.5.5

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 9.9.9.9, timeout is 2 seconds:

Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 3/3/4 ms

R5#

パケットキャプチャーファイル Config 各種show結果

Config

Current configuration : 4700 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 14:07:17 UTC Sat Apr 22 2023
!
version 17.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
! Call-home is enabled by Smart-Licensing.
service call-home
platform qfp utilization monitor load 80
platform punt-keepalive disable-kernel-core
platform console serial
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
enable secret 9 $9$mcknR1XHMS5EpU$OLX40yyBhF6XPL9OgvvJkBiI0YGjtvM3QLvW/F24UuI
enable password cisco
!
no aaa new-model
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name virl.info
!
!
!
login on-success log
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
subscriber templating
!
!
!
!
!
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
crypto pki trustpoint SLA-TrustPoint
 enrollment pkcs12
 revocation-check crl
!
!
crypto pki certificate chain SLA-TrustPoint
 certificate ca 01
  30820321 30820209 A0030201 02020101 300D0609 2A864886 F70D0101 0B050030
  32310E30 0C060355 040A1305 43697363 6F312030 1E060355 04031317 43697363
  6F204C69 63656E73 696E6720 526F6F74 20434130 1E170D31 33303533 30313934
  3834375A 170D3338 30353330 31393438 34375A30 32310E30 0C060355 040A1305
  43697363 6F312030 1E060355 04031317 43697363 6F204C69 63656E73 696E6720
  526F6F74 20434130 82012230 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000382 010F0030
  82010A02 82010100 A6BCBD96 131E05F7 145EA72C 2CD686E6 17222EA1 F1EFF64D
  CBB4C798 212AA147 C655D8D7 9471380D 8711441E 1AAF071A 9CAE6388 8A38E520
  1C394D78 462EF239 C659F715 B98C0A59 5BBB5CBD 0CFEBEA3 700A8BF7 D8F256EE
  4AA4E80D DB6FD1C9 60B1FD18 FFC69C96 6FA68957 A2617DE7 104FDC5F EA2956AC
  7390A3EB 2B5436AD C847A2C5 DAB553EB 69A9A535 58E9F3E3 C0BD23CF 58BD7188
  68E69491 20F320E7 948E71D7 AE3BCC84 F10684C7 4BC8E00F 539BA42B 42C68BB7
  C7479096 B4CB2D62 EA2F505D C7B062A4 6811D95B E8250FC4 5D5D5FB8 8F27D191
  C55F0D76 61F9A4CD 3D992327 A8BB03BD 4E6D7069 7CBADF8B DF5F4368 95135E44
  DFC7C6CF 04DD7FD1 02030100 01A34230 40300E06 03551D0F 0101FF04 04030201
  06300F06 03551D13 0101FF04 05300301 01FF301D 0603551D 0E041604 1449DC85
  4B3D31E5 1B3E6A17 606AF333 3D3B4C73 E8300D06 092A8648 86F70D01 010B0500
  03820101 00507F24 D3932A66 86025D9F E838AE5C 6D4DF6B0 49631C78 240DA905
  604EDCDE FF4FED2B 77FC460E CD636FDB DD44681E 3A5673AB 9093D3B1 6C9E3D8B
  D98987BF E40CBD9E 1AECA0C2 2189BB5C 8FA85686 CD98B646 5575B146 8DFC66A8
  467A3DF4 4D565700 6ADF0F0D CF835015 3C04FF7C 21E878AC 11BA9CD2 55A9232C
  7CA7B7E6 C1AF74F6 152E99B7 B1FCF9BB E973DE7F 5BDDEB86 C71E3B49 1765308B
  5FB0DA06 B92AFE7F 494E8A9E 07B85737 F3A58BE1 1A48A229 C37C1E69 39F08678
  80DDCD16 D6BACECA EEBC7CF9 8428787B 35202CDC 60E4616A B623CDBD 230E3AFB
  418616A9 4093E049 4D10AB75 27E86F73 932E35B5 8862FDAE 0275156F 719BB2F0
  D697DF7F 28
        quit
!
license udi pid CSR1000V sn 9KFVR0D5H9M
diagnostic bootup level minimal
memory free low-watermark processor 71489
!
!
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
username cisco privilege 15 secret 9 $9$reVwKsFKw1m1Q.$K9LzRlqmj3In.qCsZmXTsMZy1svEBnVS.qztQD2agDE
!
redundancy
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
 description not connected
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
 description to GigabitEthernet1.BGP
 ip address 10.1.9.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip redirects
 no ip proxy-arp
 negotiation auto
 no mop enabled
 no mop sysid
!
interface GigabitEthernet2
 description to GigabitEthernet1.R2
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 no ip redirects
 no ip proxy-arp
 ip ospf network point-to-point
 ip ospf cost 100
 negotiation auto
 no mop enabled
 no mop sysid
!
interface GigabitEthernet3
 description not connected
 no ip address
 shutdown
 negotiation auto
 no mop enabled
 no mop sysid
!
interface GigabitEthernet4
 description not connected
 no ip address
 shutdown
 negotiation auto
 no mop enabled
 no mop sysid
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 redistribute bgp 64513 metric-type 1
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!
router bgp 64513
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 redistribute ospf 1
 neighbor 10.1.9.9 remote-as 64512
!
ip forward-protocol nd
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
!
ip ssh server algorithm authentication password
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
 password cisco
 stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 720 0
 password cisco
 login local
 transport input telnet ssh
!
call-home
 ! If contact email address in call-home is configured as sch-smart-licensing@cisco.com
 ! the email address configured in Cisco Smart License Portal will be used as contact email address to send SCH notifications.
 contact-email-addr sch-smart-licensing@cisco.com
 profile "CiscoTAC-1"
  active
  destination transport-method http
!
!
!
!
!
end

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

Current configuration : 4700 bytes

! Last configuration change at 14:07:17 UTC Sat Apr 22 2023

version 17.3

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

! Call-home is enabled by Smart-Licensing.

service call-home

platform qfp utilization monitor load 80

platform punt-keepalive disable-kernel-core

platform console serial

hostname R1

boot-start-marker

boot-end-marker

enable secret 9 $9$mcknR1XHMS5EpU$OLX40yyBhF6XPL9OgvvJkBiI0YGjtvM3QLvW/F24UuI

enable password cisco

no aaa new-model

no ip domain lookup

ip domain name virl.info

subscriber templating

multilink bundle-name authenticated

crypto pki trustpoint SLA-TrustPoint

enrollment pkcs12

revocation-check crl

crypto pki certificate chain SLA-TrustPoint

certificate ca 01

30820321 30820209 A0030201 02020101 300D0609 2A864886 F70D0101 0B050030

32310E30 0C060355 040A1305 43697363 6F312030 1E060355 04031317 43697363

6F204C69 63656E73 696E6720 526F6F74 20434130 1E170D31 33303533 30313934

3834375A 170D3338 30353330 31393438 34375A30 32310E30 0C060355 040A1305

43697363 6F312030 1E060355 04031317 43697363 6F204C69 63656E73 696E6720

526F6F74 20434130 82012230 0D06092A 864886F7 0D010101 05000382 010F0030

82010A02 82010100 A6BCBD96 131E05F7 145EA72C 2CD686E6 17222EA1 F1EFF64D

CBB4C798 212AA147 C655D8D7 9471380D 8711441E 1AAF071A 9CAE6388 8A38E520

1C394D78 462EF239 C659F715 B98C0A59 5BBB5CBD 0CFEBEA3 700A8BF7 D8F256EE

4AA4E80D DB6FD1C9 60B1FD18 FFC69C96 6FA68957 A2617DE7 104FDC5F EA2956AC

7390A3EB 2B5436AD C847A2C5 DAB553EB 69A9A535 58E9F3E3 C0BD23CF 58BD7188

68E69491 20F320E7 948E71D7 AE3BCC84 F10684C7 4BC8E00F 539BA42B 42C68BB7

C7479096 B4CB2D62 EA2F505D C7B062A4 6811D95B E8250FC4 5D5D5FB8 8F27D191

C55F0D76 61F9A4CD 3D992327 A8BB03BD 4E6D7069 7CBADF8B DF5F4368 95135E44

DFC7C6CF 04DD7FD1 02030100 01A34230 40300E06 03551D0F 0101FF04 04030201

06300F06 03551D13 0101FF04 05300301 01FF301D 0603551D 0E041604 1449DC85

4B3D31E5 1B3E6A17 606AF333 3D3B4C73 E8300D06 092A8648 86F70D01 010B0500

03820101 00507F24 D3932A66 86025D9F E838AE5C 6D4DF6B0 49631C78 240DA905

604EDCDE FF4FED2B 77FC460E CD636FDB DD44681E 3A5673AB 9093D3B1 6C9E3D8B

D98987BF E40CBD9E 1AECA0C2 2189BB5C 8FA85686 CD98B646 5575B146 8DFC66A8

467A3DF4 4D565700 6ADF0F0D CF835015 3C04FF7C 21E878AC 11BA9CD2 55A9232C

7CA7B7E6 C1AF74F6 152E99B7 B1FCF9BB E973DE7F 5BDDEB86 C71E3B49 1765308B

5FB0DA06 B92AFE7F 494E8A9E 07B85737 F3A58BE1 1A48A229 C37C1E69 39F08678

80DDCD16 D6BACECA EEBC7CF9 8428787B 35202CDC 60E4616A B623CDBD 230E3AFB

418616A9 4093E049 4D10AB75 27E86F73 932E35B5 8862FDAE 0275156F 719BB2F0

D697DF7F 28

quit

license udi pid CSR1000V sn 9KFVR0D5H9M

diagnostic bootup level minimal

memory free low-watermark processor 71489

spanning-tree extend system-id

username cisco privilege 15 secret 9 $9$reVwKsFKw1m1Q.$K9LzRlqmj3In.qCsZmXTsMZy1svEBnVS.qztQD2agDE

redundancy

interface Loopback0

description not connected

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

interface GigabitEthernet1

description to GigabitEthernet1.BGP

ip address 10.1.9.1 255.255.255.0

no ip redirects

no ip proxy-arp

negotiation auto

no mop enabled

no mop sysid

interface GigabitEthernet2

description to GigabitEthernet1.R2

ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

no ip redirects

no ip proxy-arp

ip ospf network point-to-point

ip ospf cost 100

negotiation auto

no mop enabled

no mop sysid

interface GigabitEthernet3

description not connected

no ip address

shutdown

negotiation auto

no mop enabled

no mop sysid

interface GigabitEthernet4

description not connected

no ip address

shutdown

negotiation auto

no mop enabled

no mop sysid

router ospf 1

router-id 1.1.1.1

redistribute bgp 64513 metric-type 1

network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1

network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

router bgp 64513

bgp log-neighbor-changes

redistribute ospf 1

neighbor 10.1.9.9 remote-as 64512

ip forward-protocol nd

no ip http server

ip http secure-server

ip ssh server algorithm authentication password

control-plane

line con 0

password cisco

stopbits 1

line vty 0 4

exec-timeout 720 0

password cisco

transport input telnet ssh

call-home

! If contact email address in call-home is configured as sch-smart-licensing@cisco.com

! the email address configured in Cisco Smart License Portal will be used as contact email address to send SCH notifications.

contact-email-addr sch-smart-licensing@cisco.com

profile "CiscoTAC-1"

active

destination transport-method http

end

各種showの結果

R3#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, m - OMP
       n - NAT, Ni - NAT inside, No - NAT outside, Nd - NAT DIA
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       H - NHRP, G - NHRP registered, g - NHRP registration summary
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
       & - replicated local route overrides by connected

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        1.1.1.1 [110/301] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:37, GigabitEthernet1
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        2.2.2.2 [110/201] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:47, GigabitEthernet1
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        4.4.4.4 [110/401] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2
      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA     5.5.5.5 [110/1401] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2
      9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E1     9.9.9.9 [110/301] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:37, GigabitEthernet1
      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks
O        10.1.2.0/24 [110/300] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:47, GigabitEthernet1
C        10.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1
L        10.2.3.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1
C        10.3.4.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2
L        10.3.4.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2
O IA     10.4.5.0/24 [110/1400] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2
R3#
R3#show ip route 9.9.9.9
Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 301
  Tag 64512, type extern 1
  Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:37 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.2.3.2, from 1.1.1.1, 00:06:37 ago, via GigabitEthernet1
      Route metric is 301, traffic share count is 1
      Route tag 64512
R3#
R3#show ip route 1.1.1.1
Routing entry for 1.1.1.1/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 301, type intra area
  Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:37 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.2.3.2, from 1.1.1.1, 00:06:37 ago, via GigabitEthernet1
      Route metric is 301, traffic share count is 1
R3#
R3#show ip route 2.2.2.2
Routing entry for 2.2.2.2/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 201, type intra area
  Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:47 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.2.3.2, from 2.2.2.2, 00:06:47 ago, via GigabitEthernet1
      Route metric is 201, traffic share count is 1
R3#
R3#show ip route 3.3.3.3
Routing entry for 3.3.3.3/32
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * directly connected, via Loopback0
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
R3#
R3#show ip route 4.4.4.4
Routing entry for 4.4.4.4/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 401, type intra area
  Last update from 10.3.4.4 on GigabitEthernet2, 00:06:41 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.3.4.4, from 4.4.4.4, 00:06:41 ago, via GigabitEthernet2
      Route metric is 401, traffic share count is 1
R3#
R3#show ip route 5.5.5.5
Routing entry for 5.5.5.5/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 1401, type inter area
  Last update from 10.3.4.4 on GigabitEthernet2, 00:06:41 ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 10.3.4.4, from 4.4.4.4, 00:06:41 ago, via GigabitEthernet2
      Route metric is 1401, traffic share count is 1
R3#
R3#show ip ospf
 Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 3.3.3.3
 Start time: 01:31:05.345, Time elapsed: 00:42:47.506
 Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
 Supports opaque LSA
 Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
 Supports area transit capability
 Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)
 Supports Database Exchange Summary List Optimization (RFC 5243)
 Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
 It is an area border router
 Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
 Initial SPF schedule delay 50 msecs
 Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 200 msecs
 Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 5000 msecs
 Incremental-SPF disabled
 Initial LSA throttle delay 50 msecs
 Minimum hold time for LSA throttle 200 msecs
 Maximum wait time for LSA throttle 5000 msecs
 Minimum LSA arrival 100 msecs
 LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
 Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
 Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
 EXCHANGE/LOADING adjacency limit: initial 300, process maximum 300
 Number of external LSA 1. Checksum Sum 0x00B45A
 Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
 Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
 Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
 Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
 Number of areas transit capable is 0
 External flood list length 0
 IETF NSF helper support enabled
 Cisco NSF helper support enabled
 Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
    Area BACKBONE(0)
        Number of interfaces in this area is 2 (1 loopback)
        Area has no authentication
        SPF algorithm last executed 00:06:41.407 ago
        SPF algorithm executed 3 times
        Area ranges are
        Number of LSA 9. Checksum Sum 0x040D06
        Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
        Number of DCbitless LSA 0
        Number of indication LSA 0
        Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
        Flood list length 0
    Area 1
        Number of interfaces in this area is 1
        Area has no authentication
        SPF algorithm last executed 00:06:37.643 ago
        SPF algorithm executed 4 times
        Area ranges are
        Number of LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x02976B
        Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
        Number of DCbitless LSA 0
        Number of indication LSA 0
        Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
        Flood list length 0

R3#
R3#show ip ospf interface b
Interface    PID   Area            IP Address/Mask    Cost  State Nbrs F/C
Lo0          1     0               3.3.3.3/32         1     LOOP  0/0
Gi2          1     0               10.3.4.3/24        400   P2P   1/1
Gi1          1     1               10.2.3.3/24        200   P2P   1/1
R3#
R3#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface
4.4.4.4           0   FULL/  -        00:00:32    10.3.4.4        GigabitEthernet2
2.2.2.2           0   FULL/  -        00:00:30    10.2.3.2        GigabitEthernet1
R3#
R3#show ip ospf border-routers

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)


                Base Topology (MTID 0)

Internal Router Routing Table
Codes: i - Intra-area route, I - Inter-area route

i 4.4.4.4 [400] via 10.3.4.4, GigabitEthernet2, ABR, Area 0, SPF 15
i 1.1.1.1 [300] via 10.2.3.2, GigabitEthernet1, ASBR, Area 1, SPF 10
R3#
R3#show ip ospf database database-summary

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Area 0 database summary
  LSA Type      Count    Delete   Maxage
  Router        2        0        0
  Network       0        0        0
  Summary Net   6        0        0
  Summary ASBR  1        0        0
  Type-7 Ext    0        0        0
    Prefixes redistributed in Type-7  0
  Opaque Link   0        0        0
  Opaque Area   0        0        0
  Subtotal      9        0        0

Area 1 database summary
  LSA Type      Count    Delete   Maxage
  Router        3        0        0
  Network       0        0        0
  Summary Net   5        0        0
  Summary ASBR  0        0        0
  Type-7 Ext    0        0        0
    Prefixes redistributed in Type-7  0
  Opaque Link   0        0        0
  Opaque Area   0        0        0
  Subtotal      8        0        0

Process 1 database summary
  LSA Type      Count    Delete   Maxage
  Router        5        0        0
  Network       0        0        0
  Summary Net   11       0        0
  Summary ASBR  1        0        0
  Type-7 Ext    0        0        0
  Opaque Link   0        0        0
  Opaque Area   0        0        0
  Type-5 Ext    1        0        0
      Prefixes redistributed in Type-5  0
  Opaque AS     0        0        0
  Total         18       0        0
  Non-self      6
R3#
R3#show ip ospf database

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Router Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         401         0x8000000B 0x006E1E 3
4.4.4.4         4.4.4.4         402         0x8000000C 0x000A78 3

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
1.1.1.1         3.3.3.3         397         0x80000001 0x00CD31
2.2.2.2         3.3.3.3         407         0x80000001 0x00B4AA
5.5.5.5         4.4.4.4         402         0x80000001 0x0068C3
10.1.2.0        3.3.3.3         407         0x80000001 0x004DA9
10.2.3.0        3.3.3.3         616         0x80000001 0x004B0E
10.4.5.0        4.4.4.4         406         0x80000001 0x005BD2

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
1.1.1.1         3.3.3.3         397         0x80000001 0x00B549

                Router Link States (Area 1)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         403         0x8000000B 0x0055BA 3
2.2.2.2         2.2.2.2         403         0x8000000E 0x00CA5F 5
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         407         0x80000008 0x003218 2

                Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum
3.3.3.3         3.3.3.3         616         0x80000001 0x00AE75
4.4.4.4         3.3.3.3         401         0x80000001 0x002F5F
5.5.5.5         3.3.3.3         401         0x80000001 0x00346A
10.3.4.0        3.3.3.3         616         0x80000001 0x000B83
10.4.5.0        3.3.3.3         401         0x80000001 0x002779

                Type-5 AS External Link States

Link ID         ADV Router      Age         Seq#       Checksum Tag
9.9.9.9         1.1.1.1         617         0x80000001 0x00B45A 64512
R3#
R3#show ip ospf database router

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Router Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 8000000B
  Checksum: 0x6E1E
  Length: 60
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 3

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 3.3.3.3
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 4.4.4.4
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.3
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400


  LS age: 402
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 4.4.4.4
  Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4
  LS Seq Number: 8000000C
  Checksum: 0xA78
  Length: 60
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 3

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 4.4.4.4
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.4
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400



                Router Link States (Area 1)

  LS age: 403
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1
  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 8000000B
  Checksum: 0x55BA
  Length: 60
  AS Boundary Router
  Number of Links: 3

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 1.1.1.1
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.1
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100


  LS age: 403
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2
  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
  LS Seq Number: 8000000E
  Checksum: 0xCA5F
  Length: 84
  Number of Links: 5

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.2
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.1.1
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.2
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 100


  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000008
  Checksum: 0x3218
  Length: 48
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 2

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.3
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200


R3#
R3#show ip ospf database summary

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 397
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xCD31
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 301

  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB4AA
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 201

  LS age: 402
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x68C3
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1001

  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.1.2.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x4DA9
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 300

  LS age: 616
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.2.3.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x4B0E
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 200

  LS age: 406
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x5BD2
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1000


                Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

  LS age: 616
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xAE75
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 4.4.4.4 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x2F5F
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 401

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x346A
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1401

  LS age: 616
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.3.4.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB83
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 400

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x2779
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1400

R3#
R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 397
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB549
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /0
        MTID: 0         Metric: 300

R3#
R3#show ip ospf database external

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Type-5 AS External Link States

  LS age: 617
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: AS External Link
  Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )
  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB45A
  Length: 36
  Network Mask: /32
        Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)
        MTID: 0
        Metric: 1
        Forward Address: 0.0.0.0
        External Route Tag: 64512

R3#
R3#show ip ospf database router self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Router Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 8000000B
  Checksum: 0x6E1E
  Length: 60
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 3

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 3.3.3.3
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 4.4.4.4
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.3
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 400



                Router Link States (Area 1)

  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
  LS Type: Router Links
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000008
  Checksum: 0x3218
  Length: 48
  Area Border Router
  Number of Links: 2

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.3
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200

    Link connected to: a Stub Network
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
      Number of MTID metrics: 0
       TOS 0 Metrics: 200


R3#
R3#show ip ospf database summary self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 398
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xCD31
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 301

  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB4AA
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 201

  LS age: 407
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.1.2.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x4DA9
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 300

  LS age: 617
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.2.3.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x4B0E
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 200


                Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

  LS age: 617
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xAE75
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 4.4.4.4 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x2F5F
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 401

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x346A
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /32
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1401

  LS age: 617
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.3.4.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB83
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 400

  LS age: 401
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
  Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0x2779
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /24
        MTID: 0         Metric: 1400

R3#
R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

                Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

  LS age: 398
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
  LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
  LS Seq Number: 80000001
  Checksum: 0xB549
  Length: 28
  Network Mask: /0
        MTID: 0         Metric: 300

R3#
R3#show ip ospf database external self-originate

            OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)
R3#

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

461

462

463

464

465

466

467

468

469

470

471

472

473

474

475

476

477

478

479

480

481

482

483

484

485

486

487

488

489

490

491

492

493

494

495

496

497

498

499

500

501

502

503

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

521

522

523

524

525

526

527

528

529

530

531

532

533

534

535

536

537

538

539

540

541

542

543

544

545

546

547

548

549

550

551

552

553

554

555

556

557

558

559

560

561

562

563

564

565

566

567

568

569

570

571

572

573

574

575

576

577

578

579

580

581

582

583

584

585

586

587

588

589

590

591

592

593

594

595

596

597

598

599

600

601

602

603

604

605

606

607

608

609

610

611

612

613

614

615

616

617

618

619

620

621

622

623

624

625

626

627

628

629

630

631

632

633

634

635

636

637

638

639

640

641

642

643

644

645

646

647

648

649

650

651

652

653

654

655

656

657

658

659

660

661

662

663

664

665

666

667

668

669

670

671

672

673

674

675

676

677

678

679

680

681

682

683

684

685

686

687

688

689

690

691

692

693

694

695

696

697

698

699

700

701

702

703

704

705

706

707

708

709

710

711

712

713

714

715

716

717

718

719

720

721

722

723

724

725

726

727

728

729

730

731

732

733

734

735

736

737

738

739

740

741

742

743

744

745

746

747

748

749

750

751

752

753

754

755

756

757

758

759

760

761

762

763

764

765

766

767

768

769

770

771

772

773

774

775

776

777

778

779

780

781

782

783

784

785

786

787

788

789

790

R3#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, m - OMP

n - NAT, Ni - NAT inside, No - NAT outside, Nd - NAT DIA

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

H - NHRP, G - NHRP registered, g - NHRP registration summary

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, l - LISP

a - application route

+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

& - replicated local route overrides by connected

Gateway of last resort is not set

1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O 1.1.1.1 [110/301] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:37, GigabitEthernet1

2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O 2.2.2.2 [110/201] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:47, GigabitEthernet1

3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0

4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O 4.4.4.4 [110/401] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2

5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA 5.5.5.5 [110/1401] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2

9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E1 9.9.9.9 [110/301] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:37, GigabitEthernet1

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks

O 10.1.2.0/24 [110/300] via 10.2.3.2, 00:06:47, GigabitEthernet1

C 10.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1

L 10.2.3.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1

C 10.3.4.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2

L 10.3.4.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet2

O IA 10.4.5.0/24 [110/1400] via 10.3.4.4, 00:06:41, GigabitEthernet2

R3#

R3#show ip route 9.9.9.9

Routing entry for 9.9.9.9/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 301

Tag 64512, type extern 1

Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:37 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.2.3.2, from 1.1.1.1, 00:06:37 ago, via GigabitEthernet1

Route metric is 301, traffic share count is 1

Route tag 64512

R3#

R3#show ip route 1.1.1.1

Routing entry for 1.1.1.1/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 301, type intra area

Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:37 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.2.3.2, from 1.1.1.1, 00:06:37 ago, via GigabitEthernet1

Route metric is 301, traffic share count is 1

R3#

R3#show ip route 2.2.2.2

Routing entry for 2.2.2.2/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 201, type intra area

Last update from 10.2.3.2 on GigabitEthernet1, 00:06:47 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.2.3.2, from 2.2.2.2, 00:06:47 ago, via GigabitEthernet1

Route metric is 201, traffic share count is 1

R3#

R3#show ip route 3.3.3.3

Routing entry for 3.3.3.3/32

Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* directly connected, via Loopback0

Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

R3#

R3#show ip route 4.4.4.4

Routing entry for 4.4.4.4/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 401, type intra area

Last update from 10.3.4.4 on GigabitEthernet2, 00:06:41 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.3.4.4, from 4.4.4.4, 00:06:41 ago, via GigabitEthernet2

Route metric is 401, traffic share count is 1

R3#

R3#show ip route 5.5.5.5

Routing entry for 5.5.5.5/32

Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 1401, type inter area

Last update from 10.3.4.4 on GigabitEthernet2, 00:06:41 ago

Routing Descriptor Blocks:

* 10.3.4.4, from 4.4.4.4, 00:06:41 ago, via GigabitEthernet2

Route metric is 1401, traffic share count is 1

R3#

R3#show ip ospf

Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 3.3.3.3

Start time: 01:31:05.345, Time elapsed: 00:42:47.506

Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes

Supports opaque LSA

Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)

Supports area transit capability

Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 3101)

Supports Database Exchange Summary List Optimization (RFC 5243)

Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic

It is an area border router

Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric

Initial SPF schedule delay 50 msecs

Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 200 msecs

Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 5000 msecs

Incremental-SPF disabled

Initial LSA throttle delay 50 msecs

Minimum hold time for LSA throttle 200 msecs

Maximum wait time for LSA throttle 5000 msecs

Minimum LSA arrival 100 msecs

LSA group pacing timer 240 secs

Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs

Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs

EXCHANGE/LOADING adjacency limit: initial 300, process maximum 300

Number of external LSA 1. Checksum Sum 0x00B45A

Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000

Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0

Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0

Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa

Number of areas transit capable is 0

External flood list length 0

IETF NSF helper support enabled

Cisco NSF helper support enabled

Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps

Area BACKBONE(0)

Number of interfaces in this area is 2 (1 loopback)

Area has no authentication

SPF algorithm last executed 00:06:41.407 ago

SPF algorithm executed 3 times

Area ranges are

Number of LSA 9. Checksum Sum 0x040D06

Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000

Number of DCbitless LSA 0

Number of indication LSA 0

Number of DoNotAge LSA 0

Flood list length 0

Area 1

Number of interfaces in this area is 1

Area has no authentication

SPF algorithm last executed 00:06:37.643 ago

SPF algorithm executed 4 times

Area ranges are

Number of LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x02976B

Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000

Number of DCbitless LSA 0

Number of indication LSA 0

Number of DoNotAge LSA 0

Flood list length 0

R3#

R3#show ip ospf interface b

Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C

Lo0 1 0 3.3.3.3/32 1 LOOP 0/0

Gi2 1 0 10.3.4.3/24 400 P2P 1/1

Gi1 1 1 10.2.3.3/24 200 P2P 1/1

R3#

R3#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface

4.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 10.3.4.4 GigabitEthernet2

2.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 10.2.3.2 GigabitEthernet1

R3#

R3#show ip ospf border-routers

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Base Topology (MTID 0)

Internal Router Routing Table

Codes: i - Intra-area route, I - Inter-area route

i 4.4.4.4 [400] via 10.3.4.4, GigabitEthernet2, ABR, Area 0, SPF 15

i 1.1.1.1 [300] via 10.2.3.2, GigabitEthernet1, ASBR, Area 1, SPF 10

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database database-summary

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Area 0 database summary

LSA Type Count Delete Maxage

Router 2 0 0

Network 0 0 0

Summary Net 6 0 0

Summary ASBR 1 0 0

Type-7 Ext 0 0 0

Prefixes redistributed in Type-7 0

Opaque Link 0 0 0

Opaque Area 0 0 0

Subtotal 9 0 0

Area 1 database summary

LSA Type Count Delete Maxage

Router 3 0 0

Network 0 0 0

Summary Net 5 0 0

Summary ASBR 0 0 0

Type-7 Ext 0 0 0

Prefixes redistributed in Type-7 0

Opaque Link 0 0 0

Opaque Area 0 0 0

Subtotal 8 0 0

Process 1 database summary

LSA Type Count Delete Maxage

Router 5 0 0

Network 0 0 0

Summary Net 11 0 0

Summary ASBR 1 0 0

Type-7 Ext 0 0 0

Opaque Link 0 0 0

Opaque Area 0 0 0

Type-5 Ext 1 0 0

Prefixes redistributed in Type-5 0

Opaque AS 0 0 0

Total 18 0 0

Non-self 6

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Router Link States (Area 0)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count

3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 401 0x8000000B 0x006E1E 3

4.4.4.4 4.4.4.4 402 0x8000000C 0x000A78 3

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum

1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3 397 0x80000001 0x00CD31

2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3 407 0x80000001 0x00B4AA

5.5.5.5 4.4.4.4 402 0x80000001 0x0068C3

10.1.2.0 3.3.3.3 407 0x80000001 0x004DA9

10.2.3.0 3.3.3.3 616 0x80000001 0x004B0E

10.4.5.0 4.4.4.4 406 0x80000001 0x005BD2

Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum

1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3 397 0x80000001 0x00B549

Router Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count

1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 403 0x8000000B 0x0055BA 3

2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 403 0x8000000E 0x00CA5F 5

3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 407 0x80000008 0x003218 2

Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum

3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 616 0x80000001 0x00AE75

4.4.4.4 3.3.3.3 401 0x80000001 0x002F5F

5.5.5.5 3.3.3.3 401 0x80000001 0x00346A

10.3.4.0 3.3.3.3 616 0x80000001 0x000B83

10.4.5.0 3.3.3.3 401 0x80000001 0x002779

Type-5 AS External Link States

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag

9.9.9.9 1.1.1.1 617 0x80000001 0x00B45A 64512

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database router

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Router Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 8000000B

Checksum: 0x6E1E

Length: 60

Area Border Router

Number of Links: 3

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 3.3.3.3

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 4.4.4.4

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.3

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

LS age: 402

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 4.4.4.4

Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4

LS Seq Number: 8000000C

Checksum: 0xA78

Length: 60

Area Border Router

Number of Links: 3

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 4.4.4.4

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.4

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

Router Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 403

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1

Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

LS Seq Number: 8000000B

Checksum: 0x55BA

Length: 60

AS Boundary Router

Number of Links: 3

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 1.1.1.1

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.1

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

LS age: 403

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 2.2.2.2

Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2

LS Seq Number: 8000000E

Checksum: 0xCA5F

Length: 84

Number of Links: 5

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 2.2.2.2

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.2

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.1.1

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.1.2.2

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.1.2.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 100

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000008

Checksum: 0x3218

Length: 48

Area Border Router

Number of Links: 2

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.3

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database summary

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 397

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xCD31

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 301

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB4AA

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 201

LS age: 402

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x68C3

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 1001

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.1.2.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x4DA9

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 300

LS age: 616

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.2.3.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x4B0E

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 200

LS age: 406

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 4.4.4.4

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x5BD2

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 1000

Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 616

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xAE75

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 1

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 4.4.4.4 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x2F5F

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 401

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x346A

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 1401

LS age: 616

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.3.4.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB83

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 400

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x2779

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 1400

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 397

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB549

Length: 28

Network Mask: /0

MTID: 0 Metric: 300

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database external

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Type-5 AS External Link States

LS age: 617

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: AS External Link

Link State ID: 9.9.9.9 (External Network Number )

Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB45A

Length: 36

Network Mask: /32

Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric)

MTID: 0

Metric: 1

Forward Address: 0.0.0.0

External Route Tag: 64512

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database router self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Router Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 8000000B

Checksum: 0x6E1E

Length: 60

Area Border Router

Number of Links: 3

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 3.3.3.3

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.255

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 1

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 4.4.4.4

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.3.4.3

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.3.4.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 400

Router Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)

LS Type: Router Links

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000008

Checksum: 0x3218

Length: 48

Area Border Router

Number of Links: 2

Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)

(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2

(Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.2.3.3

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

Link connected to: a Stub Network

(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.2.3.0

(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0

Number of MTID metrics: 0

TOS 0 Metrics: 200

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database summary self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 398

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xCD31

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 301

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB4AA

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 201

LS age: 407

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.1.2.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x4DA9

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 300

LS age: 617

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.2.3.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x4B0E

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 200

Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

LS age: 617

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 3.3.3.3 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xAE75

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 1

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 4.4.4.4 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x2F5F

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 401

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 5.5.5.5 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x346A

Length: 28

Network Mask: /32

MTID: 0 Metric: 1401

LS age: 617

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.3.4.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB83

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 400

LS age: 401

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(Network)

Link State ID: 10.4.5.0 (summary Network Number)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0x2779

Length: 28

Network Mask: /24

MTID: 0 Metric: 1400

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database asbr-summary self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 398

Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)

LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)

Link State ID: 1.1.1.1 (AS Boundary Router address)

Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3

LS Seq Number: 80000001

Checksum: 0xB549

Length: 28

Network Mask: /0

MTID: 0 Metric: 300

R3#

R3#show ip ospf database external self-originate

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

R3#

パケットキャプチャーファイル

OSPFv2_LSA-Type4-Type5_R2-R3パケットキャプチャーファイルダウンロード

OSPFv2_LSA-Type4-Type5_R3-R4パケットキャプチャーファイルダウンロード

OSPFv2_LSA-Type4-Type5_R4-R5パケットキャプチャーファイルダウンロード

OSPF 関連記事一覧

OSPFプロトコル解説記事

OSPF設定例記事

基本設定
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS Juniper JUNOS VyOS1.3
コスト設定
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS Juniper JUNOS
プライオリティ
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR NX-OS Juniper JUNOS
MD5認証
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS Juniper JUNOS
NetworkType ( Broadcast / Point-to-Point )
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS Juniper JUNOS
スタブエリア
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS
トータリースタブエリア
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Ciso NX-OS
NSSA
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS
トータリNSSA
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS
経路集約
Cisco IOS Cisco IOS-XR Cisco NX-OS

OSPF RFC

OSPF関連図書

私が所持しているOSPF本の紹介です。ただし絶版になっている本も紹介していますがご容赦ください。

詳解OSPF (Network Technology Series)

著:ジョン・T. モイ, 監修:泰弘, 小原, 原著:Moy,John T., 翻訳:トップスタジオ

Amazon

楽天市場

ポチップ

Cisco OSPF Command and Configuration Handbook (CCIE Professional Development) (English Edition)

著:Parkhurst Ph.D. CCIE, William R.

Amazon

楽天市場

ポチップ

他ネットワークプロトコル解説記事

BGP
MPLS